Diwali दीवाली
Dedicated to Lakshmi / Ganesha
About Diwali
Diwali, the Festival of Lights, is the most celebrated Hindu festival, illuminating millions of homes on the Amavasya (new moon) of Kartik month. It celebrates Lord Rama's return to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile and his victory over Ravana — citizens lit rows of earthen lamps (deepavali) to welcome him home. The day centers on Lakshmi Puja, performed during the auspicious Pradosh Kaal, invoking Goddess Lakshmi for wealth, Goddess Saraswati for knowledge, and Lord Ganesha for auspicious beginnings. Homes are cleaned, whitewashed, and decorated with diyas, candles, rangoli, and lights. Firecrackers, gift exchanges, feasts, and new clothes mark the celebrations. For business communities, Diwali marks the beginning of the new financial year with fresh account books (Chopda Pujan). The festival brings together family, community, and the age-old belief that light conquers darkness.
दीवाली, रोशनी का त्योहार, सबसे अधिक मनाया जाने वाला हिंदू त्योहार है, जो कार्तिक माह की अमावस्या को लाखों घरों को रोशन करता है। यह 14 वर्ष के वनवास के बाद भगवान राम की अयोध्या वापसी और रावण पर उनकी विजय का उत्सव है — नागरिकों ने उनके स्वागत में मिट्टी के दीपकों की पंक्तियाँ (दीपावली) जलाईं। दिन का केंद्र लक्ष्मी पूजा है, जो शुभ प्रदोष काल में की जाती है — देवी लक्ष्मी से धन, देवी सरस्वती से ज्ञान और भगवान गणेश से शुभ शुरुआत का आवाहन। घरों की सफ़ाई, पुताई और दीयों, मोमबत्तियों, रंगोली और रोशनियों से सजावट होती है। पटाखे, उपहारों का आदान-प्रदान, भोज और नए वस्त्र उत्सव की शोभा बढ़ाते हैं। व्यापारिक समुदायों के लिए दीवाली नए वित्तीय वर्ष की शुरुआत है जब नई बहियों की पूजा (चोपड़ा पूजन) होती है।
Spiritual Significance
Diwali represents the eternal triumph of light over darkness, knowledge over ignorance, and good over evil. It is a time of spiritual renewal — the darkest night of the year is illuminated by human effort and devotion, symbolizing hope and the power of collective celebration.
दीवाली अंधकार पर प्रकाश, अज्ञान पर ज्ञान और बुराई पर अच्छाई की शाश्वत विजय का प्रतिनिधित्व करती है। यह आध्यात्मिक नवीनीकरण का समय है — वर्ष की सबसे अंधेरी रात मानवीय प्रयास और भक्ति से प्रकाशित होती है, जो आशा और सामूहिक उत्सव की शक्ति का प्रतीक है।
Key Rituals & Practices
- Clean and decorate the home with diyas, candles, and rangoli
- Perform Lakshmi-Ganesh Puja during Pradosh Kaal
- Light rows of diyas (deepavali) inside and outside the home
- Exchange gifts and sweets with family, friends, and neighbors
- Perform Chopda Pujan (worship of new account books) for businesses
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is Diwali celebrated on the darkest night?
Diwali falls on Amavasya (new moon night), the darkest night of the month, which carries profound symbolism. The festival teaches that light can triumph even in the deepest darkness — humans need not fear the dark when they carry the light of knowledge, dharma, and devotion within. The collective act of lighting millions of diyas transforms the darkest night into the brightest celebration, demonstrating the power of community and hope. It also marks Lord Rama's return on this night, when the people of Ayodhya illuminated the entire city to guide him home.
What is the best time for Lakshmi Puja on Diwali?
Lakshmi Puja is ideally performed during Pradosh Kaal — the period after sunset and before midnight. Within this window, the Sthir Lagna (fixed zodiac sign, typically Taurus/Vrishabh) is considered the most auspicious, as it signifies stability for wealth. Many panchang (Hindu almanac) guides provide the exact muhurta based on local sunset time and planetary positions. The puja typically begins 1-2 hours after sunset and should be completed before midnight. Vedic astrologers recommend checking the specific year's muhurta for precise timing.
What is Chopda Pujan?
Chopda Pujan (also known as Muhurat Trading) is the business community's Diwali tradition of worshipping new account books and ledgers. The old books are closed and new ones are inaugurated with a prayer to Lakshmi and Ganesha. The first entries in the new books include 'Shubh Labh' (auspicious profit). In Gujarat and Rajasthan, Diwali marks the beginning of the new financial year (Kartik-based). The Bombay Stock Exchange conducts a special Muhurat Trading session on Diwali evening, where symbolic trades are made to start the new year auspiciously.
Festival Details
- Deity
- Lakshmi / Ganesha
- Category
- Festival of Light
- Regions
- Pan-India
- Calendar Basis
- Hindu Lunar (Panchang)
- Hindu Month
- Kartik — Krishna Paksha, Amavasya
- Importance
- major